A very simple mechanical print |
Now like many of you,
I have been on both sides of the aisle on this subject. I've had one foot stuck
in academia and the other foot stuck in manufacturing, which quite frankly
sometimes makes it hard to walk, but both sides really need to get a firm grasp
on this as we continue to try to address the skills gaps found among students
leaving education and joining the workforce.
It is my opinion that
too much time is spent teaching students CAD when what is really needed is for
students to know how to read a blueprint.
I can see all the academics in the group right now with their hair
standing on the back of their neck. The reality in industry is how many people
really need to know how to draw in a CAD program? The vast majority of the
workforce that's needed will never draw parts up in a CAD program. This
includes job roles like welder, machinist, CNC operator, supervisor, quality
inspector, and even a lot of management personnel will not draw in AutoCAD,
Mastercam, Solidworks or any of the other CAD/CAM programs that are out there.
However pretty much every single one of those job roles will need to know how
to read the blue print that's put out on the shop floor. It seems to me that
education has failed a lot of students by teaching them how to draw in a CAD
program but not really training them on the fine art of blueprint reading and interpretation.
Getting harder to read. |
We just let the
engineers handle all of that you say. That's fine. Engineers do need to know
how to draw in CAD programs but they also need to know how to read blueprints. In my experience, the vast majority of
engineers in manufacturing are not doing the design work that requires drawing
in CAD. They are however taking a customer’s blueprint, interpreting it and
drawing the part into their companies CAD program. Blueprint reading and
interpretation is still more relevant.
If you are teaching a CAD class, are you incorporating blueprint reading
skills and abilities in your class? Or are you just assuming that students
already know how to look at and read a blueprint?
My argument is really
quite simple. Blueprint reading is much more of a necessity and critical then
CAD. Education of course embraced CAD over 20 years ago because students sucked
up the technology like sponges and still do. Educators are always excited when
students take an active interest in what their teaching. I can't deny that, whether it's on a high
school or college level, students have far more interest in sitting in a
classroom behind a computer drawing in a CAD program then they do sitting at
drafting tables looking over and studying printed out blueprints.
Assembly print |
For students, designing and drawing in CAD is a lot of fun. I
too would much rather create then copy. But again the reality behind industry
and manufacturing is the design and drawing aspect is a relatively small percentage
of the job tasks that need to be done. There is a relatively small amount of
personnel needed for this task in comparison to all of the other manufacturing
operations combined. When we’re talking about skills gaps, more people will
need to be able to read a blueprint then will be in need of being able to draw
a part in CAD. If students don’t know how to visualize the final 3-dimensional
part from a drawing, either print or digital, when they come out of a class
than did they really achieve what was important for their future success?
And let’s not even begin to talk about G, D & T. That’s
geometric dimensioning and tolerancing for any non-manufacturing people out
there reading this. If a student doesn’t know how to relate part features from
one view to another view than there is no sense to try to explain parallel,
perpendicularity, cylindricity, profile of a surface and other more complex
part design requirements. Heck, I even get myself confused on some of these
sometimes. Where do I have bonus tolerance at and if I make this to +.0003 and
that to -.0001 will the part still fit when the hole is -.0002?
Again I say it all goes back to being able to read the blueprint.
Because it's cool and I'm a Geek! |
8 comments:
I have been concerned about this for a long time. Using CAD is not the same skill as drafting. You need to understand drafting conventions to be able to make a useful set of drawings. Unfortunately, I have meet several individuals who were CAD wizards but could not correctly place views, draw a section, dimension an object or include tolerances. Since many drafting competency exams emphasize CAD, it is possible to pass some of these and still not have a good grasp of engineering drawing.
It is easy for a student to just copy a drawing from a book, and have it look like a professional drawing. I have seen it from Junior High through High School. The challenge is fully understanding what was drawn. In my experience (Technology Education teacher for 24 years)I believe that a part of the problem is that we live in a 2 dimensional world, our lives are dominated by "screen time:. Many of my students cannot visualize a 2 dimensional drawing as a 3 dimensional object. One solution would be what I call draw it and build it. I have used styrofoam to have students create a model of what they have drawn. True, it can be difficult for complex objects, but if the concept is introduced at the start with simple projects, then the students can project the concepts to more advanced products. 3D printers add another dimension to this possibility.
A friend's husband is a mechanical engineer working in the nuclear industry. He commented recently on how the "new kids" can't visualize something because they never had to draw it out. Reading blueprints vs CAD shouldn't be an either/or. Both skills are important but we've let the CAD take over and learning about reading schematics and blueprints slide. An important component of the engineering design process is the drawing component. Let's not let it drop because we think plunking students down in front of a computer is easier.
A friend's husband is a mechanical engineer working in the nuclear industry. He commented recently on how the "new kids" can't visualize something because they never had to draw it out. Reading blueprints vs CAD shouldn't be an either/or. Both skills are important but we've let the CAD take over and learning about reading schematics and blueprints slide. An important component of the engineering design process is the drawing component. Let's not let it drop because we think plunking students down in front of a computer is easier.
In the Tulsa area, the largest segment of jobs are in manufacturing. Our employers tell us that not only is blue print reading important but so are the manual drafting skills before CAD. In our certification programs, we start off our students in Blueprint reading, then drafting, then CAD.
I agree with you completely Kirk. Good teaching is explaining why things are the way they are. Good drawings should be easily read. Explaining that to your students puts the application into CAD. That way it's not just random part drawings after random part drawings.
Yes, I agree that knowing how to read blueprints is more important than operating a CAD program. With the technical level of students today, CAD skills can easily be developed. However, when students don't even know the difference between first and third angle projection it can cost companies big time, especially if no one has time to check their work. Over the years I’ve been fortunate to help some of our young engineers just out of college. One scenario I’ll share that seems common place is I’d be given drawings to check for them. Often they had no idea that their SolidWorks drawings were in first angle projection (default installation). A typical reply would be - IT installed the program, did they install the wrong version or what’s the difference between first and third angle projection anyways.
Just like any other skill, you need to have a basic understanding to grow in the discipline.
When I instruct students in CAD/drafting I work with them understand how to visualize the views with physical models. For the non visual learner having an origami box with the views labeled on it seems to help.
For the students that are there to fill a requirement, but do not really want to be there; well, I try to engage them by picking an interest of theirs (computers, trains...) and going from there with the visualization.
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